Fix PS/2 mouse ISR blocking; convert USB polling & GFX refresh to processes; remove dead scheduler

PS/2 Mouse:
- Fix ISR spin-blocking by reading port $60 directly with inb() instead
  of calling mouse_read(), which uses mouse_wait_long (100k iterations)
  and would stall the interrupt handler waiting for the next packet byte.

Timer (PIT):
- Increase PIT frequency from ~1024 Hz to ~8 kHz (divisor 1193 -> 149)
  for more granular timer ticks.

Graphics Refresh:
- Replace timer-hook-driven rendering (driver/timers/graphicsrefresh)
  with a dedicated 'gfxd' process that runs a continuous render loop,
  keeping the vCPU active to avoid NEM/Hyper-V pause-loop descheduling.
- Move uidebug from driver/video/ to prog/.
- Update FPS calculation to account for 8 kHz tick rate.

USB Hotplug:
- Replace timer-hook-driven polling (driver/timers/usbhotplug) with a
  dedicated 'usbd' daemon process that sleeps 1s between poll cycles.
- Add bounds check in usbcore.usb_check_hotplug for empty HC list.

Cleanup:
- Remove old scheduler unit (superseded by processmanager/contextswitcher).
- Remove tss unit and tss.init() call from kernel.
- Remove unused syslog import from contextswitcher.
- Reduce BASE_QUANTUM from 8 to 5.

.gitattributes

@@ -1 +1,8 @@
 * text=auto eol=lf
+lvglh/** linguist-vendored
+lvgl/** linguist-vendored
+.vscode/* linguist-vendored
+lib/* linguist-generated
+release/* linguist-generated
+iso/* linguist-generated
+*.asm linguist-detectable

.gitignore

@@ -15,3 +15,4 @@ localenv.json
 dockerout.txt
 AGENTS.md
 *.log
+/doc/*.md

compile_lvgl.sh

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 # compile_lvgl.sh — Download LVGL v9.2 source and compile into lib/liblvgl.a
 # Clone & compile in /tmp (fast container-local fs).
-# Copy source + objects to /lvgl (host mount) for debugging.
+# Cache liblvgl.a on host mount (/code/lvgl/) to skip rebuild.
 set -e
 
 LVGL_VERSION="v9.2.2"
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ LVGL_DIR="/tmp/lvgl"
 OBJ_DIR="/tmp/lvgl_obj"
 CONF_DIR="$(pwd)/lvglh"
 OUT_DIR="$(pwd)/lib"
+CACHE_DIR="/code/lvgl"
 
 CC="gcc"
 CFLAGS="-m32 -march=i686 -ffreestanding \
@@ -26,6 +27,17 @@ echo " "
 echo "Compiling LVGL..."
 echo " "
 
+# If cached liblvgl.a exists on host mount, just copy it and skip everything
+if [ -f "${CACHE_DIR}/liblvgl.a" ]; then
+    echo "Found cached liblvgl.a in ${CACHE_DIR}, copying to ${OUT_DIR}..."
+    cp "${CACHE_DIR}/liblvgl.a" "${OUT_DIR}/liblvgl.a"
+    echo "(Delete lvgl/liblvgl.a to force a full rebuild.)"
+    echo " "
+    echo "LVGL compilation complete (cached)."
+    echo " "
+    exit 0
+fi
+
 # Clone LVGL into /tmp (container-local)
 rm -rf "$LVGL_DIR"
 echo "Downloading LVGL ${LVGL_VERSION}..."
@@ -105,11 +117,14 @@ else
     echo "No custom LVGL files in lvglh/."
 fi
 
-# Copy source + objects to /lvgl host mount for debugging
-echo "Copying LVGL source and objects to host mount..."
-rm -rf /lvgl/* /lvgl/.[!.]* /lvgl/..?* 2>/dev/null || true
-cp -a "$LVGL_DIR/src" /lvgl/src
-cp -a "$OBJ_DIR" /lvgl/obj
+# Cache liblvgl.a and source to host mount for next build
+echo "Caching LVGL to host mount..."
+mkdir -p "$CACHE_DIR"
+rm -rf ${CACHE_DIR}/* ${CACHE_DIR}/.[!.]* ${CACHE_DIR}/..?* 2>/dev/null || true
+cp "${OUT_DIR}/liblvgl.a" "${CACHE_DIR}/liblvgl.a"
+cp -a "$LVGL_DIR/src" "${CACHE_DIR}/src"
+cp -a "$LVGL_DIR"/*.h "${CACHE_DIR}/" 2>/dev/null || true
+cp -a "$OBJ_DIR" "${CACHE_DIR}/obj"
 echo "Done."
 
 echo " "

compile_sources.sh

@@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ echo "======================="
 echo " "
 echo "Compiling FPC Sources..."
 echo " "
-fpc -Aelf -gw -g -gl -n -v0ew -O3 -OpPENTIUM3 -Si -Sc -Sg -Xd -CX -XXs -CfSSE -CfSSE2 -Rintel -Pi386 -Tlinux -FElib/ -Fusrc/* -Fusrc/driver/* -Fusrc/driver/net/* src/kernel.pas
+fpc -Aelf -gw -g -gl -n -v0ew -O3 -OpPENTIUM3 -Si -Sc -Sg -Xd -CX -XXs -CfSSE -CfSSE2 -Rintel -Pi386 -Tlinux -FElib/ -Fusrc/* -Fusrc/include/* -Fusrc/driver/* -Fusrc/driver/net/* -Fusrc/driver/bus/* -Fusrc/driver/bus/usb/* -Fusrc/driver/hid/* src/kernel.pas

docker-compose.yml

@@ -3,4 +3,3 @@ services:
     build: .
     volumes:
       - .:/code
-      - ./lvgl:/lvgl

src/contextswitcher.pas

@@ -13,14 +13,117 @@
 //  limitations under the License.
 
 {
-	ContextSwitcher - Switch Process Contexts when preempted.
+    ContextSwitcher - Custom IRQ0 handler for preemptive context switching.
+
+    Replaces the default ISR_32 with a naked assembly stub that saves the
+    interrupted context (PUSHAD + segment regs), calls a Pascal helper to
+    dispatch timer hooks, send EOI, and run the scheduler, then restores
+    the next process context (or idles) via the returned ESP.
 
     @author(Kieron Morris <[email protected]>)
 }
 unit contextswitcher;
 
+{$ASMMODE intel}
+
 interface
 
-implementation;
+uses
+    idt, isrmanager, processmanager, proctypes, util, tracer;
+
+{ Initialise: overwrite IDT gate 32 with our custom ISR. }
+procedure init;
+
+implementation
+
+{ -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  do_context_switch_work
+  Pascal helper called from the assembly ISR.  Receives the current ESP
+  (pointing to the GS..EFLAGS save area), dispatches timer hooks, sends
+  EOI, runs the scheduler and returns the ESP for the next context.
+  Uses register calling convention: saved_esp in EAX, result in EAX.
+  ----------------------------------------------------------------------- }
+function do_context_switch_work(saved_esp : uint32) : uint32;
+var
+    next : PProcessContext;
+begin
+    { 1. Save ESP into the current process }
+    processmanager.CurrentProcess^.SavedESP := saved_esp;
+
+    { 2. Dispatch all hooks registered on interrupt 32 (timer hooks).
+         This fires TMR_0_ISR.Main which in turn fires BDA tick,
+         graphics refresh, USB hotplug, etc. }
+    isrmanager.dispatchHooks(32);
+
+    { 3. Send End-Of-Interrupt to the master PIC }
+    outb($20, $20);
+
+    { 4. Pick the next process to run (always returns non-nil; idle as fallback) }
+    next := processmanager.scheduler_pick_next;
+    processmanager.CurrentProcess := next;
+
+    { 5. Return the selected process ESP }
+    do_context_switch_work := next^.SavedESP;
+end;
+
+{ -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  context_switch_isr
+  Naked assembly ISR that replaces ISR_32 (IRQ0 / PIT timer).
+
+  Stack on entry (pushed by CPU):
+      [ESP+8] EFLAGS
+      [ESP+4] CS
+      [ESP+0] EIP
+
+  We push general-purpose and segment registers, call the Pascal helper,
+  switch ESP to the returned value, pop registers and IRETD.
+  ----------------------------------------------------------------------- }
+procedure context_switch_isr; assembler; nostackframe;
+asm
+    { Save all general-purpose registers (EAX,ECX,EDX,EBX,ESP,EBP,ESI,EDI) }
+    pushad
+
+    { Save segment registers }
+    push ds
+    push es
+    push fs
+    push gs
+
+    { Load kernel data segments }
+    mov ax, $10
+    mov ds, ax
+    mov es, ax
+    mov fs, ax
+    mov gs, ax
+
+    { Call Pascal helper: EAX = current ESP (register calling convention).
+      Returns new ESP in EAX. }
+    mov eax, esp
+    call do_context_switch_work
+    mov esp, eax
+
+    { Restore segment registers }
+    pop gs
+    pop fs
+    pop es
+    pop ds
+
+    { Restore general-purpose registers }
+    popad
+
+    { Return from interrupt }
+    iretd
+end;
+
+{ -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  init
+  Override IDT gate 32 with our custom ISR.  Must be called AFTER
+  isrmanager.init so that the default gate has been set up first.
+  ----------------------------------------------------------------------- }
+procedure init;
+begin
+    idt.set_gate(32, uint32(@context_switch_isr), $08, ISR_RING_0);
+    tracer.push_trace('contextswitcher.init');
+end;
 
 end.

src/driver/bus/EHCI.pas

@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-//  Copyright 2021 Kieron Morris
-//
-//  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-//  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-//  You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-//  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-//  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-//  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-//  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-//  limitations under the License.
-
-{ 
-	Driver->Bus->EHCI - Enhanced Host Controller Interface Driver.
-	
-	@author(Kieron Morris <[email protected]>)
-}
-unit EHCI;
-
-interface
-
-uses
-    tracer,
-    Console,
-    PCI,
-    drivertypes,
-    pmemorymanager,
-    vmemorymanager,
-    util,
-    drivermanagement;
-
-function load : boolean;
-
-implementation
-
-function load : boolean;
-var
-    devices : TDeviceArray;
-    count   : uint32;
-    i       : uint32;
-
-begin
-    tracer.push_trace('EHCI.load');
-    devices:= PCI.getDeviceInfo($0C, $03, $20, count);
-    console.output('USB-EHCI Driver', 'Found ');
-    console.writeint(count);
-    console.writestringln(' USB Controller(s).');
-    if count > 0 then begin
-        for i:=0 to count-1 do begin
-            console.output('USB-EHCI Driver', 'Controller[');
-            console.writeint(i);
-            console.writestring(']: ');
-            console.writehex(devices[i].device_id);
-            console.writestring(' ');
-            console.writehex(devices[i].vendor_id);
-            console.writestring(' ');
-            console.writehexln(devices[i].prog_if);
-        end;
-    end;
-    load:= true;
-end;
-
-end.

src/driver/bus/OHCI.pas

@@ -1,96 +0,0 @@
-//  Copyright 2021 Kieron Morris
-//
-//  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-//  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-//  You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-//  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-//  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-//  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-//  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-//  limitations under the License.
-
-{ 
-	Driver->Bus->OHCI - Open Host Controller Interface Driver.
-	
-	@author(Kieron Morris <[email protected]>)
-}
-unit OHCI;
-
-interface
-
-uses
-    tracer,
-    Console,
-    PCI,
-    drivertypes,
-    pmemorymanager,
-    vmemorymanager,
-    util,
-    drivermanagement;
-
-type
-    POHCI_MMR = ^TOHCI_MMR;
-    TOHCI_MMR = packed record
-        HcRevision : uint32;
-        HcControl  : uint32;
-        HcCommandStatus : uint32;
-        HcIntStatus  : uint32;
-        HcIntEnable  : uint32;
-        HcIntDisable : uint32;
-        HcHCCA : uint32;
-        HcPeriodCurrentED : uint32;
-        HcControlHeadED : uint32;
-        HcControlCurrentED : uint32;
-        HcBulkHeadED : uint32;
-        HcBulkCurrentED : uint32;
-        HcDoneHead : uint32;
-        HcFmRemaining : uint32;
-        HcFmNumber : uint32;
-        HcPeriodicStart : uint32;
-        HcLSThreshold : uint32;
-        HcRhDescriptorA : uint32;
-        HcRhDescriptorB : uint32;
-        HcRhStatus : uint32;
-    end;
-
-function load : boolean;
-
-implementation
-
-function load : boolean;
-var
-    devices : TDeviceArray;
-    count   : uint32;
-    i       : uint32;
-    block   : uint32;
-    MMR     : POHCI_MMR;
-
-begin
-    tracer.push_trace('OHCI.load');
-    devices:= PCI.getDeviceInfo($0C, $03, $10, count);
-    console.output('USB-OHCI Driver', 'Found ');
-    console.writeint(count);
-    console.writestringln(' USB Controller(s).');
-    if count > 0 then begin
-        for i:=0 to count-1 do begin
-            console.output('USB-OHCI Driver', 'Controller[');
-            console.writeint(i);
-            console.writestring(']: ');
-            console.writehex(devices[i].device_id);
-            console.writestring(' ');
-            console.writehex(devices[i].vendor_id);
-            console.writestring(' ');
-            console.writehexln(devices[i].prog_if);
-            block:= devices[i].address0 SHR 22;
-            force_alloc_block(block, 0);
-            map_page(block, block);
-            MMR:= POHCI_MMR(devices[i].address0);
-        end;
-    end;
-    load:= true;
-end;
-
-end.

src/driver/bus/PCI.pas

@@ -18,14 +18,14 @@
 	@author(Aaron Hance <[email protected]>)
 	@author(Kieron Morris <[email protected]>)
 }
-unit PCI;
+unit pci;
 
 interface
 
 uses
     tracer,
     util,
-    console,
+    syslog,
     drivertypes,
     lmemorymanager, 
     vmemorymanager,
@@ -100,14 +100,14 @@ var
 
 begin
     push_trace('PCI.load');
-    console.outputln('PCI', 'Scanning Bus: 0');
+    syslog.logln('PCI', 'Scanning Bus: 0');
     scanBus(0);
     //while unscanned busses scan busses
     current_bus := 1;
     while true do begin
         if current_bus < bus_count then begin
-            console.output('PCI', 'Scanning Bus: ');
-            console.writeintln(bus_count);
+            syslog.log('PCI', 'Scanning Bus: ');
+            syslog.writeintln(bus_count);
             scanBus(current_bus);
             current_bus := current_bus + 1;
         end else break;
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ var
 
 begin
     push_trace('PCI.init');
-    console.outputln('PCI','INIT BEGIN.');
+    syslog.logln('PCI','INIT BEGIN.');
     DevID.Bus:= biUnknown;
     DevID.id0:= 0;
     DevID.id1:= 0;
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ begin
     DevID.id3:= 0;
     DevID.ex:= nil;
     drivermanagement.register_driver_ex('PCI Driver', @DevID, @load, true);
-    console.outputln('PCI', 'INIT END.');
+    syslog.logln('PCI', 'INIT END.');
     pop_trace;
 end;
 
@@ -388,16 +388,16 @@ begin
             DevID^.id4:= device.vendor_id;
             DevID^.ex:= nil;
 
-            console.output('PCI', 'Found Device: ');
-            console.writehex(device.header_type);
-            console.writestring('  ');
-            console.writehex(device.device_id);        
-            console.writestring('  ');        
-            console.writehex(device.class_code);        
-            console.writestring('  ');
-            console.writehex(device.subclass_class);        
-            console.writestring('  ');
-            console.writehexln(device.prog_if);
+            syslog.log('PCI', 'Found Device: ');
+            syslog.writehex(device.header_type);
+            syslog.writestring('  ');
+            syslog.writehex(device.device_id);        
+            syslog.writestring('  ');        
+            syslog.writehex(device.class_code);        
+            syslog.writestring('  ');
+            syslog.writehex(device.subclass_class);        
+            syslog.writestring('  ');
+            syslog.writehexln(device.prog_if);
 
             devices[device_count] := device;
             device_count := device_count + 1;

src/driver/bus/UHCI.pas

@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-//  Copyright 2021 Kieron Morris
-//
-//  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-//  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-//  You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-//  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-//  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-//  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-//  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-//  limitations under the License.
-
-{ 
-	Driver->Bus->UHCI - Universal Host Controller Interface Driver.
-	
-	@author(Kieron Morris <[email protected]>)
-}
-unit UHCI;
-
-interface
-
-uses
-    tracer,
-    Console,
-    PCI,
-    drivertypes,
-    pmemorymanager,
-    vmemorymanager,
-    util,
-    drivermanagement;
-
-function load : boolean;
-
-implementation
-
-function load : boolean;
-var
-    devices : TDeviceArray;
-    count   : uint32;
-    i       : uint32;
-
-begin
-    tracer.push_trace('UHCI.load');
-    devices:= PCI.getDeviceInfo($0C, $03, $00, count);
-    console.output('USB-UHCI Driver','Found ');
-    console.writeint(count);
-    console.writestringln(' USB Controller(s).');
-    if count > 0 then begin
-        for i:=0 to count-1 do begin
-            console.output('USB-UHCI Driver','Controller[');
-            console.writeint(i);
-            console.writestring(']: ');
-            console.writehex(devices[i].device_id);
-            console.writestring(' ');
-            console.writehex(devices[i].vendor_id);
-            console.writestring(' ');
-            console.writehexln(devices[i].prog_if);
-        end;
-    end;
-    load:= true;
-end;
-
-end.

src/driver/bus/XHCI.pas

@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-//  Copyright 2021 Kieron Morris
-//
-//  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-//  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-//  You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-//  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-//  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-//  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-//  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-//  limitations under the License.
-
-{ 
-	Driver->Bus->XHCI - eXtensible Host Controller Interface Driver.
-	
-	@author(Kieron Morris <[email protected]>)
-}
-unit XHCI;
-
-interface
-
-uses
-    tracer,
-    Console,
-    PCI,
-    drivertypes,
-    pmemorymanager,
-    vmemorymanager,
-    util,
-    drivermanagement;
-
-function load : boolean;
-
-implementation
-
-function load : boolean;
-var
-    devices : TDeviceArray;
-    count   : uint32;
-    i       : uint32;
-
-begin
-    tracer.push_trace('XHCI.load');
-    devices:= PCI.getDeviceInfo($0C, $03, $30, count);
-    console.output('USB-XHCI Driver', 'Found ');
-    console.writeint(count);
-    console.writestringln(' USB Controller(s).');
-    if count > 0 then begin
-        for i:=0 to count-1 do begin
-            console.output('USB-XHCI Driver', 'Controller[');
-            console.writeint(i);
-            console.writestring(']: ');
-            console.writehex(devices[i].device_id);
-            console.writestring(' ');
-            console.writehex(devices[i].vendor_id);
-            console.writestring(' ');
-            console.writehexln(devices[i].prog_if);
-        end;
-    end;
-    load:= true;
-end;
-
-end.

src/driver/bus/usb/USB.pas

@@ -17,19 +17,25 @@
 	
 	@author(Kieron Morris <[email protected]>)
 }
-unit USB;
+unit usb;
 
 interface
 
 uses
     tracer,
-    Console,
+    syslog,
     PCI,
     drivertypes,
     pmemorymanager,
     vmemorymanager,
     util,
     drivermanagement,
+    usbtypes,
+    usbcore,
+    usbhub,
+    usb_keyboard,
+    usb_mouse,
+    usb_storage,
     OHCI, UHCI, EHCI, XHCI;
 
 procedure init;
@@ -40,24 +46,28 @@ function loadXHCI(ptr : void) : boolean;
 begin
     push_trace('USB.loadXHCI');
     loadXHCI:= XHCI.load;
+    pop_trace;
 end;
 
 function loadEHCI(ptr : void) : boolean;
 begin
     push_trace('USB.loadEHCI');
     loadEHCI:= EHCI.load;
+    pop_trace;
 end;
 
 function loadOHCI(ptr : void) : boolean;
 begin
     push_trace('USB.loadOHCI');
     loadOHCI:= OHCI.load;
+    pop_trace;
 end;
 
 function loadUHCI(ptr : void) : boolean;
 begin
     push_trace('USB.loadUHCI');
     loadUHCI:= UHCI.load;
+    pop_trace;
 end;
 
 procedure init;
@@ -69,7 +79,20 @@ var
 
 begin
     push_trace('USB.init');
-    console.outputln('USB Driver', 'INIT BEGIN.');
+    syslog.logln('USB Driver', 'INIT BEGIN.');
+
+    { Initialize USB core (HC list, etc.) }
+    usbcore.init;
+
+    { Initialize hub driver (registers class driver for $09) }
+    usbhub.init;
+
+    { Initialize HID class drivers }
+    usb_keyboard.init;
+    usb_mouse.init;
+
+    { Initialize storage class driver }
+    usb_storage.init;
     
     UHCI_ID.Bus:= biPCI;
     UHCI_ID.id0:= idANY;
@@ -108,7 +131,7 @@ begin
     drivermanagement.register_driver('USB-EHCI Driver', @EHCI_ID, @loadEHCI);
     drivermanagement.register_driver('USB-XHCI Driver', @XHCI_ID, @loadXHCI);
 
-    console.outputln('USB Driver', 'INIT END.');
+    syslog.logln('USB Driver', 'INIT END.');
     pop_trace;
 end;