refactor: move program registration from kernel to progmanager

- Remove diskcmd, diskutil, notepad, partcmd, volcmd init calls and
  uses from kernel.pas — these are programs, not kernel subsystems.
- Move their initialization into progmanager.init() alongside the
  other baked-in programs (md5sum, base64_prog, dhclient, etc.).
- Remove diskcmd, diskutil, notepad from kernel's uses clause.
- Add a splash.update() call for the auto-mount volumes step.
- Suppress FPC warnings in compile_sources.sh (-v0e instead of -v0ew).

.gitignore

@@ -14,5 +14,6 @@ localenv.json
 /lvgl/
 dockerout.txt
 AGENTS.md
+lessons_learnt.md
 *.log
 /doc/*.md

compile_sources.sh

@@ -4,4 +4,10 @@ echo "======================="
 echo " "
 echo "Compiling FPC Sources..."
 echo " "
-fpc -Aelf -gw -g -gl -n -v0ew -O3 -OpPENTIUM3 -Si -Sc -Sg -Xd -CX -XXs -CfSSE -CfSSE2 -Rintel -Pi386 -Tlinux -FElib/ -Fusrc/* -Fusrc/include/* -Fusrc/driver/* -Fusrc/driver/net/* -Fusrc/driver/bus/* -Fusrc/driver/bus/usb/* -Fusrc/driver/hid/* src/kernel.pas
+# Build -Fu flags for all directories under src/ and wasuro/
+FU_PATHS="-Fusrc -Fuwasuro"
+for dir in $(find src wasuro -type d 2>/dev/null); do
+    FU_PATHS="$FU_PATHS -Fu$dir"
+done
+
+fpc -Aelf -gw -g -gl -n -v0e -O3 -OpPENTIUM3 -Si -Sc -Sg -Xd -CX -XXs -CfSSE -CfSSE2 -Rintel -Pi386 -Tlinux -FElib/ $FU_PATHS src/kernel.pas

compile_stub.sh

@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@ echo "======================="
 echo " "
 echo "Compiling Stub..."
 echo " "
-nasm -f elf src/stub/stub.asm -o lib/stub.o
+nasm -f elf src/stub/stub.asm -o lib/stub.o
+nasm -f elf src/stub/splash_tga.asm -o lib/splash_tga.o

doc/flatfs.md

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#Flat filesystem
+
+A super simple filesystem for asuro. Folders are emulated in filenames.
+
+Starts with disk info sector, sector 0 of volume
+
+---
+#### disk info
+
+jmp2boot        : ubit24;
+OEMName         : array[0..7] of char;
+version         : uint16 // numerical version of filesystem
+sectorCount      : uint16;
+fileCount       : uint16
+signature       : uint32 = 0x0B00B1E5
+
+
+the Rest of the sector is reserved
+
+---
+
+Starting from sector 1 is the file table. Table size is determined by entry size (64) * fileCount
+
+---
+####File entry
+
+name : array[0..59] of char //file name max 60 chars
+fileStart : 16bit // start sector of data
+fileSize : 16bit // data size in sectors
+
+---
+

iso/hello.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hello from the Asuro ISO!

src/contextswitcher.pas

@@ -12,15 +12,118 @@
 //  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 //  limitations under the License.
 
-{ 
-	ContextSwitcher - Switch Process Contexts when preempted.
-	
-	@author(Kieron Morris <[email protected]>)
+{
+    ContextSwitcher - Custom IRQ0 handler for preemptive context switching.
+
+    Replaces the default ISR_32 with a naked assembly stub that saves the
+    interrupted context (PUSHAD + segment regs), calls a Pascal helper to
+    dispatch timer hooks, send EOI, and run the scheduler, then restores
+    the next process context (or idles) via the returned ESP.
+
+    @author(Kieron Morris <[email protected]>)
 }
 unit contextswitcher;
 
+{$ASMMODE intel}
+
 interface
 
-implementation;
+uses
+    idt, isrmanager, processmanager, proctypes, util, tracer;
+
+{ Initialise: overwrite IDT gate 32 with our custom ISR. }
+procedure init;
+
+implementation
+
+{ -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  do_context_switch_work
+  Pascal helper called from the assembly ISR.  Receives the current ESP
+  (pointing to the GS..EFLAGS save area), dispatches timer hooks, sends
+  EOI, runs the scheduler and returns the ESP for the next context.
+  Uses register calling convention: saved_esp in EAX, result in EAX.
+  ----------------------------------------------------------------------- }
+function do_context_switch_work(saved_esp : uint32) : uint32;
+var
+    next : PProcessContext;
+begin
+    { 1. Save ESP into the current process }
+    processmanager.CurrentProcess^.SavedESP := saved_esp;
+
+    { 2. Dispatch all hooks registered on interrupt 32 (timer hooks).
+         This fires TMR_0_ISR.Main which in turn fires BDA tick,
+         graphics refresh, USB hotplug, etc. }
+    isrmanager.dispatchHooks(32);
+
+    { 3. Send End-Of-Interrupt to the master PIC }
+    outb($20, $20);
+
+    { 4. Pick the next process to run (always returns non-nil; idle as fallback) }
+    next := processmanager.scheduler_pick_next;
+    processmanager.CurrentProcess := next;
+
+    { 5. Return the selected process ESP }
+    do_context_switch_work := next^.SavedESP;
+end;
+
+{ -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  context_switch_isr
+  Naked assembly ISR that replaces ISR_32 (IRQ0 / PIT timer).
+
+  Stack on entry (pushed by CPU):
+      [ESP+8] EFLAGS
+      [ESP+4] CS
+      [ESP+0] EIP
+
+  We push general-purpose and segment registers, call the Pascal helper,
+  switch ESP to the returned value, pop registers and IRETD.
+  ----------------------------------------------------------------------- }
+procedure context_switch_isr; assembler; nostackframe;
+asm
+    { Save all general-purpose registers (EAX,ECX,EDX,EBX,ESP,EBP,ESI,EDI) }
+    pushad
+
+    { Save segment registers }
+    push ds
+    push es
+    push fs
+    push gs
+
+    { Load kernel data segments }
+    mov ax, $10
+    mov ds, ax
+    mov es, ax
+    mov fs, ax
+    mov gs, ax
+
+    { Call Pascal helper: EAX = current ESP (register calling convention).
+      Returns new ESP in EAX. }
+    mov eax, esp
+    call do_context_switch_work
+    mov esp, eax
+
+    { Restore segment registers }
+    pop gs
+    pop fs
+    pop es
+    pop ds
+
+    { Restore general-purpose registers }
+    popad
+
+    { Return from interrupt }
+    iretd
+end;
+
+{ -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  init
+  Override IDT gate 32 with our custom ISR.  Must be called AFTER
+  isrmanager.init so that the default gate has been set up first.
+  ----------------------------------------------------------------------- }
+procedure init;
+begin
+    idt.set_gate(32, uint32(@context_switch_isr), $08, ISR_RING_0);
+    tracer.push_trace('contextswitcher.init');
+end;
 
 end.

src/cpu.pas

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ unit cpu;
 interface
 
 uses
-    util, RTC;
+    util, RTC, stdio;
 
 type
     PCapabilities_Old = ^TCapabilities_Old;
@@ -113,12 +113,10 @@ var
     CAP_OLD, CAP_NEW : uint32;
 
 procedure init();
+procedure Terminal_Command_CPU(Params : PParamList; stdin_buf, stdout_buf, stderr_buf : POutBuf);
 
 implementation
 
-uses
-    stdio;
-
 procedure getCPUIdentifier;
 var
     id0, id1, id2 : uint32;
@@ -325,7 +323,6 @@ end;
 
 procedure init();
 begin
-    stdio.registerCommand('CPU', @Terminal_Command_CPU, 'CPU Info.');
     CPUID.Capabilities0:= PCapabilities_Old(@CAP_OLD);
     CPUID.Capabilities1:= PCapabilities_New(@CAP_NEW); 
     getCPUIdentifier;

src/driver/bus/PCI.pas

@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ function getDeviceInfo(class_code : uint8; subclass_code : uint8; prog_if : uint
 procedure requestConfig(bus : uint8; slot : uint8; func : uint8; row : uint8);
 procedure writeConfig(bus: uint8; slot : uint8; func : uint8; row : uint8; val : uint32);
 procedure setBusMaster(bus : uint8; slot : uint8; func : uint8; master : boolean);
+procedure enableDevice(bus : uint8; slot : uint8; func : uint8);
 
 implementation 
 
@@ -442,4 +443,34 @@ begin
     pop_trace;
 end;
 
+//Enable device inturrupts and set bus master
+procedure enableDevice(bus : uint8; slot : uint8; func : uint8);
+var
+    addr : uint32;
+    cmd : uint32;
+begin
+    push_trace('PCI.enableDevice');
+
+    addr := ($1 shl 31);
+    addr := addr or (bus shl 16);
+    addr := addr or ((slot) shl 11);
+    addr := addr or ((func) shl 8);
+    addr := addr or ($04 and $FC);
+
+    outl(PCI_CONFIG_ADDRESS_PORT, addr);
+    cmd := inl(PCI_CONFIG_DATA_PORT);
+    cmd := cmd or PCI_COMMAND_MEM_SPACE;
+    cmd := cmd or PCI_COMMAND_BUS_MASTER;
+    cmd := cmd or (3 shl 1);
+
+    //enable interrupts, remove disable interrupt bit maybe
+    cmd := cmd and not PCI_COMMAND_INT_DISABLE;
+    // cmd := cmd and not (1 shl 9);
+
+    outl(PCI_CONFIG_ADDRESS_PORT, addr);
+    outl(PCI_CONFIG_DATA_PORT, cmd);
+
+    pop_trace;
+end;
+
 end.

src/driver/bus/usb/usbcore.pas

@@ -158,6 +158,9 @@ procedure init;
 { Unit Tests }
 procedure UnitTest;
 
+{ Terminal command }
+procedure terminal_command_usb(params : PParamList; stdin_buf, stdout_buf, stderr_buf : POutBuf);
+
 implementation
 
 { ========================= Globals ========================= }
@@ -954,11 +957,14 @@ end;
 procedure usb_check_hotplug;
 var
     i    : uint32;
+    count: uint32;
     hc   : PUSBHCDriver;
     port : uint8;
 begin
     if HCList = nil then exit;
-    for i := 0 to LL_Size(HCList) - 1 do begin
+    count := LL_Size(HCList);
+    if count = 0 then exit;
+    for i := 0 to count - 1 do begin
         hc := PUSBHCDriver(LL_Get(HCList, i));
         if (hc <> nil) and hc^.PortChangePending then begin
             hc^.PortChangePending := false;
@@ -1100,7 +1106,6 @@ begin
     CompletionHookCount := 0;
     for i := 0 to MAX_COMPLETION_HOOKS - 1 do
         CompletionHooks[i] := nil;
-    stdio.registerCommand('USB', @terminal_command_usb, 'USB subsystem information.');
     syslog.logln('USB Core', 'INIT END.');
     pop_trace;
 end;

src/driver/hid/ps2/ps2_mouse.pas

@@ -119,8 +119,12 @@ var
     x32, y32 : sint32;
     r : pchar;
 begin
+    { mouse_wait(0) checks OBF with a short timeout (100 iterations).
+      When it returns true, data is ready — read it directly with inb($60).
+      Do NOT call mouse_read here: it uses mouse_wait_long (100k iterations)
+      and would spin-block the ISR if the next packet byte hasn't arrived yet. }
     while mouse_wait(0) do begin
-        b := mouse_read;
+        b := inb($60);
         if Cycle = 0 then begin
             if (b AND $08) = $08 then begin
                 Mouse_Byte[Cycle] := b;

src/driver/include/drivertypes.pas

@@ -21,6 +21,29 @@ unit drivertypes;
 
 interface
 
+const
+    PCI_CONFIG_ADDRESS_PORT = $0CF8;
+    PCI_CONFIG_DATA_PORT    = $0CFC;
+
+    PCI_COMMAND_IO_SPACE    = $0001;
+    PCI_COMMAND_MEM_SPACE   = $0002;
+    PCI_COMMAND_BUS_MASTER  = $0004;
+    PCI_COMMAND_SPECIAL_CYC = $0008;
+    PCI_COMMAND_MEM_WRITE   = $0010;
+    PCI_COMMAND_VGA_PALETTE = $0020;
+    PCI_COMMAND_PARITY      = $0040;
+    PCI_COMMAND_WAIT        = $0080;
+    PCI_COMMAND_SERR        = $0100;
+    PCI_COMMAND_FAST_BACK   = $0200;
+    PCI_COMMAND_INT_DISABLE = $0400;
+    PCI_COMMAND_SERR_ENABLE = $8000;
+
+    PCI_CAP_ID_MSI           = $05;
+
+    // Bits in the MSI Control register (16-bit):
+    MSI_CONTROL_ENABLE       = 1 shl 0;  // Bit 0
+    MSI_CONTROL_64BIT        = 1 shl 7;  // Bit 7
+    MSI_CONTROL_PVMASK       = 1 shl 8;  // Bit 8 (optional: per-vector masking)
 type
 
     PPCI_Device = ^TPCI_Device;
@@ -44,6 +67,7 @@ type
         address1       : uint32;
         address2       : uint32;
         address3       : uint32;
+
         address4       : uint32;
         address5       : uint32;
         CIS_pointer    : uint32;

src/driver/net/l1/net.pas

@@ -100,8 +100,8 @@ end;
 
 procedure send(p_data : void; p_len : uint16);
 begin
-    //push_trace('net.send');
-    //writeToLogLn('L1: net.send');
+    push_trace('net.send');
+    writeToLogLn('L1/NET: send');
     if CBSend <> nil then CBSend(p_data, p_len);
     pop_trace;
 end;
@@ -111,8 +111,7 @@ var
     context : PPacketContext;
 
 begin
-    //push_trace('net.recv');
-    //writeToLogLn('L1: net.recv');
+    push_trace('net.recv');
     context:= newPacketContext;
     if CBNext <> nil then CBNext(p_data, p_len, context);
     freePacketContext(context);
@@ -129,6 +128,7 @@ end;
 procedure init;
 begin
     push_trace('net.init');
+    writeToLogLn('L1/NET: init');
     //l2
     eth2.register;
     //l3
@@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ begin
     ipv4.register;
     //l4
     icmp.register;
+    tcp.register;
     udp.register;
     //l5
     dhcp.register;

src/driver/net/l2/eth2.pas

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ var
 
 procedure registerTypePromisc(eType : uint16; RecvCB : TRecvCallback);
 begin
+    push_trace('eth2.registerTypePromisc');
     register;
     if EthTypes[eType] = nil then EthTypes[eType]:= RecvCB;
     Promisc[eType]:= true;
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@ end;
 
 procedure registerType(eType : uint16; RecvCB : TRecvCallback);
 begin
+    push_trace('eth2.registerType');
     register;
     if EthTypes[eType] = nil then EthTypes[eType]:= RecvCB;
 end;
@@ -93,7 +95,7 @@ var
     buf        : puint8;
 
 begin
-    //writeToLogLn('    L2: eth2.recv');
+    push_trace('eth2.recv');
     buf:= puint8(p_data);
     
     Header:= PEthernetHeader(buf);
@@ -120,6 +122,7 @@ var
 begin
     push_trace('eth2.register');
     if not Registered then begin
+        writeToLogLn('    L2/ETH: register');
         for i:=0 to 65535 do begin
             EthTypes[i]:= nil;
             Promisc[i]:= false;

src/driver/net/l3/arp.pas

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ uses
     tracer, lmemorymanager,
     util, lists,
     net, nettypes, netutils,
-    eth2, ipv4;
+    eth2, ipv4, stdio;
 
 type
     PARPCacheRecord = ^TARPCacheRecord;
@@ -41,11 +41,12 @@ procedure sendGratuitous;
 procedure sendRequest(ip : puint8);
 procedure send(hType : uint16; pType : uint16; op : uint16; p_context : PPacketContext);
 function resolveIP(ip : puint8) : puint8;
+procedure terminal_command_arp(Params : PParamList; stdin_buf, stdout_buf, stderr_buf : POutBuf);
 
 implementation
 
 uses
-    stdio, strings;
+    strings;
 
 var
     Registered : Boolean = false;
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@ var
     hSize, pSize : uint8;
 
 begin
+    push_trace('arp.send');
     if p_context <> nil then begin
         buf:= kalloc(sizeof(TARPHeader));
         hdr:= PARPHeader(buf);
@@ -135,6 +137,8 @@ var
     context : PPacketContext;
 
 begin
+     push_trace('arp.sendGratuitous');
+     writeToLogLn('      L3/ARP: sendGratuitous');
      context:= newPacketContext;
      CopyIPv4(@getIPv4Config^.Address[0], @context^.IP.Destination[0]);
      CopyIPv4(@getIPv4Config^.Address[0], @context^.IP.Source[0]);
@@ -150,6 +154,7 @@ var
     CacheRecord : PARPCacheRecord;
 
 begin
+     push_trace('arp.sendRequestGateway');
      context:= newPacketContext;
      CacheRecord:= findCacheRecordByIP(@getIPv4Config^.Gateway[0]);
      if CacheRecord <> nil then begin
@@ -168,6 +173,8 @@ var
     CacheRecord : PARPCacheRecord;
 
 begin
+     push_trace('arp.sendRequest');
+     writeToLogLn('      L3/ARP: sendRequest');
      context:= newPacketContext;
      CopyIPv4(ip, @context^.IP.Destination[0]);
      CopyIPv4(@getIPv4Config^.Address[0], @context^.IP.Source[0]);
@@ -184,6 +191,7 @@ var
     CacheRecord : PARPCacheRecord;
 
 begin
+    push_trace('arp.resolveIP');
     CacheRecord:= findCacheRecordByIP(ip);
     resolveIP:= nil;
     if CacheRecord = nil then begin
@@ -203,6 +211,7 @@ var
     context      : PPacketContext;
 
 begin
+    push_trace('arp.recv');
     { Get our converted Header }
     Header:= PARPHeader(p_data);
     AHeader.Hardware_Type:= (Header^.Hardware_Type_Hi SHL 8) + Header^.Hardware_Type_Lo;
@@ -298,9 +307,9 @@ procedure register;
 begin
     push_trace('arp.register');
     if not Registered then begin
+        writeToLogLn('      L3/ARP: register');
         Cache:= LL_New(sizeof(TARPCacheRecord));
         eth2.registerTypePromisc($0806, @recv);
-        stdio.registerCommand('ARP', @terminal_command_arp, 'Get ARP Table.');
         Registered:= true;
     end;
     pop_trace;

src/driver/net/l3/ipv4.pas

@@ -26,17 +26,18 @@ uses
     util, strings,
     net, nettypes, netutils,
     lists,
-    eth2;
+    eth2, stdio;
 
 procedure send(p_data : void; p_len : uint16; p_context : PPacketContext);
 procedure registerProtocol(Protocol_ID : uint8; recv_callback : TRecvCallback);
 function  getIPv4Config : PIPv4Configuration;
 procedure register;
+procedure terminal_command_ifconfig(params : PParamList; stdin_buf, stdout_buf, stderr_buf : POutBuf);
 
 implementation
 
 uses
-    arp, stdio;
+    arp;
 
 var
     Registered : Boolean = false;
@@ -46,7 +47,9 @@ var
 
 function  getIPv4Config : PIPv4Configuration;
 begin
+    push_trace('ipv4.getIPv4Config');
     getIPv4Config:= @Config;
+    pop_trace;
 end;
 
 procedure send(p_data : void; p_len : uint16; p_context : PPacketContext);
@@ -57,6 +60,7 @@ var
     buffer : void;
 
 begin
+    push_trace('ipv4.send');
     inc(CurrentID);
     Header.version:= 4;
     Header.header_len:= 5;
@@ -84,6 +88,7 @@ begin
     memcpy(uint32(p_data), uint32(Buffer) + (Header.header_len * 4), p_len);
     eth2.send(Buffer, (Header.header_len * 4) + p_len, $0800, p_context);
     kfree(Buffer);
+    pop_trace;
 end;
 
 procedure recv(p_data : void; p_len : uint16; p_context : PPacketContext);
@@ -95,6 +100,7 @@ var
     len     : uint16;
 
 begin
+    push_trace('ipv4.recv');
     Header:= PIPV4Header(p_data);
     AHeader.version:= Header^.version;
     AHeader.header_len:= Header^.header_len;
@@ -195,6 +201,7 @@ var
 begin
     push_trace('ipv4.register');
     if not Registered then begin
+        writeToLogLn('      L3/IPv4: register');
         for i:=0 to 255 do begin
             Protocols[i]:= nil;
         end;
@@ -205,7 +212,6 @@ begin
         end;
         Config.UP:= false;
         eth2.registerType($0800, @recv);
-        stdio.registerCommand('IFCONFIG', @terminal_command_ifconfig, 'Configure Network Settings.');
         Registered:= true;
     end;
     pop_trace;
@@ -213,6 +219,7 @@ end;
 
 procedure registerProtocol(Protocol_ID : uint8; recv_callback : TRecvCallback);
 begin
+    push_trace('ipv4.registerProtocol');
     register;
     if Protocols[Protocol_ID] = nil then Protocols[Protocol_ID]:= recv_callback;
     pop_trace;

src/driver/net/l4/udp.pas

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ uses
     lmemorymanager,
     nettypes, netutils,
     ipv4, net,
-    util;
+    tracer, util;
 
 procedure register();
 function bind(bindContext : PUDPBindContext) : TUDPError;
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ begin
             nullend:= true;
         end;
         pseudoBuffer:= kalloc(sizeof(TUDPPseudoHeader) + pseudoSize);
+        push_trace('udp.CalculateChecksum');
         pseudoBuffer8:= puint8(pseudoBuffer);
         pseudoBuffer16:= puint16(pseudoBuffer);
         pseudoBuffer32:= puint32(pseudoBuffer);
@@ -118,6 +119,7 @@ var
 
 
 begin
+    push_trace('udp.send');
     if udpContext <> nil then begin
         size:= p_len + sizeof(TUDPHeader);
         buffer:= kalloc(size);
@@ -152,6 +154,7 @@ var
     context : PUDPBindContext;
 
 begin
+    push_trace('udp.bind');
     result:= tueGenericError;
     if bindContext <> nil then begin
         if Ports[bindContext^.port] = nil then begin
@@ -174,6 +177,7 @@ var
     context : PUDPBindContext;
 
 begin
+    push_trace('udp.unbind');
     result:= tueGenericError;
     if bindContext <> nil then begin
         context:= Ports[bindContext^.port];
@@ -203,6 +207,7 @@ var
     size    : uint16;
 
 begin
+    push_trace('udp.ProcessPacket');
     header:= PUDPHeader(p_data);
     if Ports[switchendian16(header^.DstPort)] <> nil then begin
         context:= PUDPPacketContext(kalloc(sizeof(TUDPPacketContext)));
@@ -245,6 +250,8 @@ var
     Checksum      : uint32;
 
 begin
+    push_trace('udp.register');
+    writeToLogLn('        L4/UDP: register');
     for i:=0 to 65535 do begin
         Ports[i]:= nil;
     end;